https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34159 -8; AUC: 0.909, CR: 72.7%). Conclusions: These results support the use of expression profiling in whole blood in the absence of more specific tissue types for investigations of metabolic disease. Using a pathway analysis approach it was possible to identify an enrichment of DEG into biological pathways that could be targeted for in vitro follow-up.]]> Wed 15 Dec 2021 16:10:14 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:15696 Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:53:37 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:11048 Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:03:39 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36077 Haemophilus influenzae is the most commonly identified bacteria. Haemophilus influenzae is divided into typeable and nontypeable (NTHi) strains based on the presence or absence of a polysaccharide capsule. While NTHi is a common commensal in the human nasopharynx, it is associated with considerable inflammation when it is present in the lower airways of COPD patients, resulting in morbidity due to worsening symptoms and increased frequency of COPD exacerbations. Treatment of lower airway NTHi infection with antibiotics, though successful in the short term, does not offer long-term protection against reinfection, nor does it change the course of the disease. Hence, there has been much interest in the development of an effective NTHi vaccine. This review will summarize the current literature concerning the role of NTHi infections in COPD patients and the consequences of using prophylactic antibiotics in patients with COPD. There is particular focus on the rationale, findings of clinical studies and possible future directions of NTHi vaccines in patients with COPD.]]> Wed 09 Feb 2022 15:54:02 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36651 Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) preparation was demonstrated in the mid-1980s. Subsequently, studies aiming to validate clinical efficacy of this oral treatment were complicated by a number of factors, including the modification of clinical definitions, the implications of which were not recognized at that time. The objective of this review is to integrate our pre-clinical and clinical research in this field conducted over the past 30 years to demonstrate the evolution of the idea of communication between mucosal surfaces through the common mucosal immune system and the development of an effective oral NTHi immunotherapy. Our earliest studies recruited subjects with chronic sputum production and high levels of culture-positive sputum for Gram-negative bacteria but by 2000, the clinical diagnostic focus had switched from "chronic bronchitis" to "chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" (COPD), which was functionally defined using spirometry. This change led to variable clinical trial results, confirming the importance of chronic sputum production and culture-positive sputum. Additional conditioning factors such as patient age and gender were influential in study populations with low culture-positive sputum production. Through this period, studies in human and in rodent models provided new insights into airway protection mechanisms and the pathogenesis of airway inflammation. Key findings were the importance of a dysbiosis within the airway microbiome, and the critical role of an interdependence between the bronchus and the gut, with a Peyer's patch-dependent extra-bronchus "loop" controlling the composition of the bronchus microbiome. Within this context, intercurrent virus infections initiate a microbiome-dependant hypersensitivity reaction involving Peyer's patch-derived Th17 cells. We conclude that whole-cell killed NTHi immunotherapy has consistent and significant benefits when examined in the context of changing clinical disease definitions, age and gender, and has the potential to change the natural history of chronic airway disease.]]> Thu 04 Nov 2021 10:39:51 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:1212 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:28:41 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:1500 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:28:14 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:1499 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:28:13 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:5674 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:47:33 AEDT ]]>